5 Ways Sleep Apnea Can Impact Your Heart Health

Sleep apnea is a prevalent sleep disorder that affects millions of people worldwide, impacting not only the quality of sleep but also posing significant risks to overall health. One of the most critical areas of concern is the connection between sleep apnea and heart health.

At Black Hills Sleep and TMJ, a leading center for sleep apnea and TMJ in Rapid City, South Dakota, our specialists are dedicated to raising awareness of this vital relationship and providing comprehensive care to address the unique needs of those affected.

In this article, we will delve into the significant ways sleep apnea can negatively influence cardiovascular well-being and amplify the risk factors for heart-related issues. By understanding the potentially dangerous effects of sleep apnea on heart health, individuals can take the necessary steps to mitigate these risks and enjoy an improved quality of life.

1. Intermittent Hypoxia

One of the most concerning ways sleep apnea can influence heart health is through intermittent hypoxia, which refers to the repeated episodes of low oxygen levels in the blood due to breathing disruptions during sleep.

As Dr. Criss from Black Hills Sleep and TMJ explains, when oxygen levels drop, the body responds by releasing stress hormones and increasing heart rate, leading to increased blood pressure. Over time, these nightly episodes of intermittent hypoxia can have serious consequences for your cardiovascular system, increasing the risk of developing heart arrhythmias, heart failure, and other heart-related disorders.

2. Elevated Blood Pressure

Sleep apnea is directly connected to blood pressure regulation, with research showing that individuals with sleep apnea are more likely to have high blood pressure. Dr. Criss emphasizes that repeated episodes of apnea can cause swings in blood pressure and heart rate, putting a strain on the cardiovascular system.

One effective treatment option offered at Black Hills Sleep and TMJ Center is the use of oral appliances, which are custom-fitted devices designed to support the jaw and maintain an open airway during sleep. By effectively managing sleep apnea with an oral appliance, patients may experience a reduction in blood pressure levels, ultimately benefiting heart health.

3. Increased Risk of Atrial Fibrillation

Atrial fibrillation is a common type of irregular heart rhythm (arrhythmia) that can increase an individual's risk of stroke, heart failure, and other heart-related complications.

According to Dr. Criss, sleep apnea has been implicated in the development of atrial fibrillation, with studies suggesting that moderate to severe cases of sleep apnea can increase the risk by up to four times. By working with Dr. Criss at Black Hills Sleep and TMJ to address sleep apnea, patients with atrial fibrillation risk can reduce the likelihood of further complications with the help of oral appliances.

4. Exacerbation of Heart Failure

Sleep apnea can exacerbate the symptoms and progression of heart failure, a condition in which the heart cannot pump blood effectively to meet the body's needs. Dr. Criss highlights that both obstructive and central sleep apnea are associated with an increased risk of heart failure. 

The intermittent hypoxia and repeated strain on the cardiovascular system caused by sleep apnea can contribute to fluid buildup and worsen heart failure symptoms such as shortness of breath and fatigue. By managing sleep apnea through oral appliances, individuals with heart failure can experience an improvement in cardiovascular function, reducing symptoms and the need for hospitalization.

5. Elevated Levels of Inflammation and Endothelial Dysfunction

Chronic inflammation and endothelial dysfunction are two factors that contribute to the development of atherosclerosis, a narrowing of the arteries due to plaque buildup. Research has shown that sleep apnea can be a significant contributing factor to systemic inflammation and endothelial dysfunction, further increasing the risk of heart disease and stroke.

Dr. Criss explains that one of the ways sleep apnea can drive inflammation is by promoting oxidative stress, which in turn can damage endothelial cells lining the blood vessels. By managing sleep apnea with the help of oral appliances, individuals can lower their risk of developing atherosclerosis, protecting their heart health in the long term.

6. The Role of Lifestyle Modifications

While oral appliances can play a crucial role in managing sleep apnea and mitigating the associated heart health risks, Dr. Criss emphasizes the importance of adopting certain lifestyle modifications to further support cardiovascular well-being. These may include:

• Weight loss: Losing excess weight can significantly improve both sleep apnea symptoms and heart health, as obesity is a risk factor for developing sleep apnea and worsening cardiovascular issues.
• Regular exercise: Engaging in regular physical activity can help to strengthen the heart, improve blood pressure, and alleviate sleep apnea symptoms. However, it is essential to consult with Dr. Criss before embarking on an exercise program to ensure its appropriateness for your specific health needs.
• Limit alcohol and sedative use: Alcohol and sedatives can relax the muscles within the airway, exacerbating sleep apnea. Limiting their usage or avoiding them altogether can help improve both sleep apnea symptoms and heart health.
• Adopt a heart-healthy diet: Incorporating a diet rich in fruits, vegetables, whole grains, and lean proteins can help to maintain a healthy weight and reduce inflammation, supporting both sleep apnea management and cardiovascular well-being.

Protect Your Heart by Addressing Sleep Apnea

Sleep apnea poses significant risks to heart health, impacting everything from blood pressure regulation to inflammation and the development of atrial fibrillation. By working with Dr. Criss at Black Hills Sleep and TMJ, individuals can receive expert guidance on oral appliance therapy and personalized lifestyle modifications to manage their sleep apnea and protect their cardiovascular well-being effectively.

If you or a loved one are concerned about the potential effects of sleep apnea on your heart health, don't hesitate to reach out to our team at Black Hills Sleep and TMJ for professional support and the comprehensive care you need to safeguard both the quality of your sleep and the health of your heart.